EVALUATION OF LIPID PROFILE IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH NEPHROPATHY COMPLICATIONS ATTENDING FEDERAL TEACHING HOSPITAL, OWERRI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21874755Keywords:
lipid profile, newly diagnosed diabetic patients, nephropathy, complications, owerriAbstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition that is characterised by persistent hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both . Diabetic nephropathy is a common consequence of diabetes and is associated with profound metabolic alterations, including lipid metabolism abnormalities, which may further raise cardiovascular disease risk. Therefore, assessment of lipid profile in newly diabetic patients with nephropathy is critical for early detection of dyslipidaemia and timely management. The study assessed the lipid profile of newly diagnosed diabetes patients with nephropathy problems attending the Federal Teaching Hospital, Owerri and compared the results with seemingly healthy persons. Case-control research design was adopted. Sixty volunteers were recruited; 30 newly diagnosed diabetic patients with nephropathy problems and 30 apparently healthy controls. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured with standard enzymatic spectrophotometric techniques. Data were analysed by Student's t test. Statistical significance was defined at p < 0.05 . The mean TC concentration was substantially greater in diabetic patients with nephropathy (221.38 ± 21.97 mg/dL) compared to controls (138.40 ± 29.28 mg/dL; p = 0.0001). In diabetic group mean TG was also substantially higher (171.88 ± 43.61 mg/dL) than control group (110.00 ± 8.82 mg/dL; p = 0.001). Mean HDL-C was substantially lower in diabetic patients (35.63 ± 8.63 mg/dL) than controls (57.60 ± 18.30 mg/dL; p = 0.01). In contrast, LDL-C was significantly higher in the diabetic group (142.13 ± 46.55 mg/dL) than in controls (87.00 ± 21.95 mg/dL; p = 0.030). There were no significant differences between genders in the lipid parameters of the diabetes individuals (p>0.05). diabetes individuals with nephropathy problems had severe dyslipidaemia with increased TC, TG and LDL-C and decreased HDL-C values among the newly diagnosed diabetes patients. These findings emphasise the need for an early assessment of lipid profiles and adequate therapy in newly diagnosed diabetic patients with nephropathy for the prevention of cardiovascular and other metabolic problems.
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